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Alternative Methods in Toxicology

Volume 4 - A Critical Examination of Alternatives to Acute Ocular Irritation Testing

John M. Frazier, Shayne C. Gad, Alan M. Goldberg, James P. McCulley

Series Editor: ALAN M. GOLDBERG

Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. | Publishers

Table of Contents

Preface

Contributing Authors

Participants

1. Summary and Recommendations
2. Historical Perspective on Eye Irritation Testing
3. Current In Vivo Testing Protocols, Procedures, and Practices
4. Adequacy of Current In Vivo Methods
5. Potential Approaches for the Development of In Vitro Alternatives to Eye Irritancy Tests
   A. Morphology
   B. Cellular Toxicity
   C. Cell and Tissue Physiology
   D. Inflammation/Immunity E. Recovery/Repair
6. Critical Evaluation of Alternative Tests
   A. Introduction
   B. Criteria for Test Evaluation
   C. Test Protocols
7. Validation

References